Книга Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy

Название: Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy
Автор: Kip Thorne
Страниц: 624
Формат: EPUB
Размер: 10,2 mb
Качество: Отличное
Язык: Английский
Год издания: 1995
This is a history of Einstein's ideas as they made their way through the increasingly political world of science. Ever since his General Theory of Relativity burst upon the world in 1915, some of the world's most brilliant minds have sought to decipher the mysteries bequeathed by that legacy.
Kip Thorne, along with fellow theorists Stephen Hawking and Roger Penrose, a cadre of Russians, and earlier scientists such as Oppenheimer, Wheeler and Chandrasekhar, has been in the thick of the quest to secure answers. In this masterfully written and brilliantly informed work of scientific history and explanation, Dr. Thorne, the Feynman Professor of Theoretical Physics at Caltech, leads his readers through an elegant, always human, tapestry of interlocking themes, coming finally to a uniquely informed answer to the great question: what principles control our universe and why do physicists think they know the things they think they know? Stephen Hawking's A Brief History of Time has been one of the greatest best-sellers in publishing history. Anyone who struggled with that book will find here a more slowly paced but equally mind-stretching experience, with the added fascination of a rich historical and human component.
CONTENTS:
Foreword by Stephen Hawking
Introduction by Frederick Seitz
Preface: what this book is about, and how to read it
Prologue: A Voyage among the Holes in which the reader, in a science fiction tale, encounters black holes and all their strange properties as best we understand them in the 1990s
1. The Relativity of Space and Time: in which Einstein destroys Newton’s conceptions of space and time as Absolute
2. The Warping of Space and Time: in which Hermann Minkowski unifies space and time, and Einstein warps them
3. Black Holes Discovered and Rejected: in which Einstein’s laws of warped spacetime predict black holes, and Einstein rejects the prediction
4. The Mystery of the White Dwarfs: in which Eddington and Chandrasekhar do battle over the deaths of massive stars; must they shrink when they die, creating black holes? or will quantum mechanics save them?
5. Implosion Is Compulsory: in which even the nuclear force, supposedly the strongest of all forces, cannot resist the crush of gravity
6. Implosion to What? In which all the armaments of theoretical physics cannot ward off the conclusion: implosion produces black holes
7. The Golden Age: in which black holes are found to spin and pulsate, store energy and release it, and have no hair
8. The Search: in which a method to search for black holes in the sky is proposed and pursued and succeeds (probably)
9. Serendipity: in which astronomers are forced to conclude, without any prior predictions, that black holes a millionfold heavier than the Sun inhabit the cores of galaxies (probably)
10. Ripples of Curvature: in which gravitational waves carry to Earth encoded symphonies of black holes colliding, and physicists devise instruments to monitor the waves and decipher their symphonies
11. What Is Reality? In which spacetime is viewed as curved on Sundays and flat on Mondays, and horizons are made from vacuum on Sundays and charge on Mondays, but Sundays experiments and Monday’s experiments agree in all details
12. Black Holes Evaporate: in which a black-hole horizon is clothed in an atmosphere of radiation and hot particles that slowly evaporate, and the hole shrinks and then explodes
13. Inside Black Holes: in which physicists, wrestling with Einstein s equation, seek the secret of what is inside a black hole: a route into another universe? a singularity with infinite tidal gravity? the end of space and time, and birth of quantum foam?
14. Wormholes and Time Machines: in which the author seeks insight into physical laws by asking: can highly advanced civilizations build wormholes through hyperspace for rapid interstellar travel and machines for traveling backward in time?
Epilogue: an overview of Einstein’s legacy, past and future, and an update on several central characters
Acknowledgments: my debts of gratitude to friends and colleagues who influenced this book
Characters: a list of characters who appear significantly at several different places in the book
Chronology: a chronology of events, insights, and discoveries

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