Книга The Discovery of India

Название: The Discovery of India
Автор: Jawaharlal Nehru
Страниц: 568
Формат: PDF
Размер: 281,6 mb
Качество: Отличное
Язык: Английский
Год издания: Dehli,1985
The Discovery of India was written by India's first Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru during his imprisonment in 1942–46 at Ahmednagar fort in Maharashtra, India.
The Discovery of India is an honour paid to the rich cultural heritage of India, its history and its philosophy as seen through the eyes of a patriot fighting for the independence of his country. The book is widely considered one of the finest modern works on Indian history.
CONTENT:
Foreword
Preface
CHAPTER ONE: AHMADNAGAR FORT
Twenty Months 15
Famine 16
The War for Democracy 18
Time in Prison: The Urge to Action 20
The Past in Its Relation to the Present 22
Life's Philosophy 24
The flurden of the Past 33
CHAPTER TWO: BADENWEI LER, LAUSANNE
Kamala 39
Our Marriage and After 40
The Problem of Human Relationships 43
Christmas 1935 44
Death 45
Mussolini Return 46
CHAPTER THREE: THE QUEST
The Panorama of India's Past 49
Nationalism and Internationalism 52
India's Strength and Weakness 53
The Search for India 57
'Bharat Mata' 59
The Variety and Unity of India 61
Travelling through India 63
General Elections 64
The Culture of the Masses 67
Two Lives 68
CHAPTER FOUR: THE DISCOVERY OF INDIA
The Indus Valley Civilization 69
The Coming of the Aryans 72
What is Hinduism? 74
The Earliest Record, Scripture and Mythology 76
The Vedas 79
The Acceptance and the Negation of Life 80
Synthesis and Adjustment. The Beginnings of the Caste System 84
The Continuity of Indian Culture 87
The Upanishads
The Advantages and Disadvantages of an Individualistic 93
Philosophy
Materialism 96
The Epics. History, Tradition, and Myth 99
The Mahabharata 106
.The Bhagavad Gita 108
Life and Work in Ancient India 110
Mahavira and Buddha: Caste 119
Chandragupta and Chanakya. The Maurya Empire Established 122
The Organization of the State 124
Buddha's Teaching 127
The Buddha Story 130
Ashoka 132
CHAPTER FIVE: THROUGH THE AGES
Nationalism and Imperialism under the Guptas 136
South India 139
Peaceful Development and Methods of Warfare 140
India's Urge to Freedom 141
Progress versus Security 143
India and Iran 146
India and Greece 150
The Old Indian Theatre 157
Vitality and Persistence of Sanskrit 164
Buddhist Philosophy 170
Effect of Buddhism on Hinduism 174
How did Hinduism Absorb Buddhism in India? 178
The Indian Philosophical Approach 180
The Six Systems of Philosophy 183
India and China 192
Indian Colonics and Culture in South-East Asia 200
The Influence of Indian Art Abroad 207
Old Indian Art 210
India's Foreign Trade 214
Mathematics in Ancient India 216
Growth and Decay 221
CHAPTER SIX: NEW PROBLEMS
The Arabs and the Mongols 227
The Flowering of Arab Culture and Contacts with India 231
Mahmud of Ghazni and the Afghans 234
The lndo-Afghans. South India. Vijayanagar. Babar. 237
Sea Power
Synthesis and Growth of Mixed Culture. Purdah. Kabir.
Guru Nanak. Amir Khusrau The Indian Social Structure. Importance of the Group Village Self-Government. The Shukra Nitisara
The Theory and Practice of Caste. The Joint Family 250
Babar and Akbar: The Process of lndianization 257
The Contrast between Asia and Europe in Mechanical 260
Advance and Creative Energy Development of a Common Culture 265
Aurangzeb Puts the Clock Back. Growth of Hindu Nationalism. 270
Shivaji. The Marathas and the British Struggle for Supremacy. 273
Triumph of the British. The Backwardness of India and the Superiority of the English 276
in Organization and Technique. Ranjit Singh and Jai Singh 281
The Economic Background of India: The Two Englands 284
CHAPTER SEVEN: THE LAST PHASE (1): CONSOLIDATION OF BRITISH RULE AND RISE OF NATIONALIST MOVEMENT
The Ideology of Empire. The New Caste 289
The Plunder of Bengal Helps the Industrial Revolution 295
in England
The Destruction of India's Industry and the Decay of 298
her Agriculture
India Becomes for the First Time a Political and Economic 302
Appendage of Another Country
The Growth of the Indian States System 307
Contradictions of British Rule in India. Ram Mohan Roy. 312
The Press. Sir William Jones. English Education in Bengal The Great Revolt of 1857. Racialism 322
The Techniques of British Rule: Balance and Counterpoise 327
Growth of Industry: Provincial Differences 330
Reform and Other Movements among Hindus and Moslems 335
Kemal Pasha. Nationalism in Asia. Iqbal 350
Heavy Industry Begins. Tilak and Gokhalc. Separate 352
Electorates
CHAPTER EIGHT: THE LAST PHASE (2): NATIONALISM VERSUS IMPERIALISM
Helplessness of the Middle Classes. Gandhi Comes 356
The Congress Becomes a Dynamic Organization under 360
Gandhi's Leadership
Congress Governments in the Provinces 365
Indian Dynamism versus British Conservatism in India 371
The Question of Minorities. The Moslem League: Mr M.A. Jinnah 380 The National Planning Committee 395
The Congress and Industry: Big Industry versus Cottage Industry 402 Government Checks Industrial Growth. War Production is 409
Diversion from Normal Production
CHAPTER NINE: THE LAST PHASE (3): WORLD WAR II
The Congress Develops a Foreign Policy 416
The Congress Approach to War 422
Reaction to War 426
Another Congress Offer and Its Rejection by the British 432
Government. Mr Winston Churchill
Individual Civil Disobedience 439
After Pearl Harbour. Gandhi and Non-Violence 442
Tension 449
Sir Stafford Cripps Conics to India 453
Frustration 464
The Challenge: Quit India Resolution 468
CHAPTER TEN: AIIMADNAGAR FORT AGAIN
The Chain of Happening 479
The Two Backgrounds: Indian and British 480
Mass Upheavals and Their Suppression 484
Reactions Abroad 491
Reactions in India 493
India's Sickness: Famine 49S
India's Dynamic Capacity 499
India's Growth Arrested 505
Religion, Philosophy, and Science 509
The Importance of the National Idea. Changes Necessary 515
in India
India: Partition or Strong National State or Centre of 524
Supra-National State?
Realism and Geopolitics. World Conquest or World 536
Association. The U.S.A. and the U.S.S.R.
Freedom and Empire 548
The Problem of Population. Falling Birth-rates and 551
National Decay
The Modern Approach to an Old Problem 557
Epilogue
POSTSCRIPT
Allahabad 29th December 1945 567
Index 569