Peace diplomacy, global justice and international agency: rethinking human security and ethics in the spirit of Dag Hammarskjöld

Автор: Carsten Stahn; Henning Melber
Название: Peace diplomacy, global justice and international agency: rethinking human security and ethics in the spirit of Dag Hammarskjöld
Язык: English
Издательство: Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press
Год: 2014
Формат: pdf
Размер: 17,6 mb
Страниц: 635

As UN Secretary-General, Dag Hammarskjöld shaped many of the fundamental principles and practices of international organisations, such as preventive diplomacy, the ethics of international civil service, impartiality and neutrality. He was also at the heart of the constitutional foundations and principles of the UN.
This tribute and critical review of Hammarskjöld's values and legacy examines his approach towards international civil service, agency and value-based leadership, investigates his vision of internationalism and explores his achievements and failures as Secretary-General. It draws on specific conflict situations and strategies such as Suez and the Congo for lessons that can benefit contemporary conflict resolution and modern concepts such as human security and R2P. It also reflects on ways in which actors such as international courts, tribunals and the EU can benefit from Hammarskjöld's principles and experiences in the fields of peace and security and international justice.
 Table of contents:
Foreword by Jan Eliasson xii
Acknowledgements xiv
List of abbreviations xvi
1 Human security and ethics in the spirit of Dag Hammarskjöld: an introduction 1
CARSTEN STAHN AND HENNING MELBER
1.1 Introduction I
1.2 Focus and perspectives in this volume 10
1.3 Reflections on Dag Hammarskjöld 12
1.4 Hammarskjold’s intellectual legacy and leadership 14
1.5 Hammarskjöld, the UN and the Congo 18
1.6 The role of the UN Secretary-General 20
1.7 Re-thinking internationalism: intervention, responsibility and the politics of R2P 24
1.8 Hammarskjold’s credo 28
part I Reflections on Dag Hammarskjöld 33
2 Dag Hammarskjöld and the twenty-first century 35
KOFI ANNAN
3 A beacon of hope: Dag Hammarskjöld and the United Nations 43
BRIAN URQUHART
3.1 Introduction 43
3.2 The first political intervention 44
3.3 Major international crises 46
3.4 The legacy 46
3.5 Enhancing UN presence 48
3.6 Long-term development of the UN 49
4 Dag Hammarskjöld 1905-1961: a remarkable man, a remarkable Secretary-General 51
PIETER KOOIJMANS
5 Dag Hammarskjöld, the United Nations and the rule of law in today’s world 56
HANS CORELL
5.1 Dag Hammarskjöld 56
5.2 Reflections on Dag Hammarskjold’s principles 58
5.3 The ethics of an international civil servant in light of Dag Hammarskjold’s thinking 71
5.4 Conclusions 73
part II Hammarskjold’s intellectual legacy and leadership 75
6 Dag Hammarskjöld and the politics of hope 77
MONICA BOUMAN
6.1 Introduction 77
6.2 Context 77
6.3 Hammarskjold’s model of international service 79
6.4 Two cases 89
6.5 Refining the international service model 99
6.6 Conclusion 104
7 Dag Hammarskjold’s spirituality and the quest for negotiated peace, reconciliation and meaning 106
PAUL R. NELSON
7.1 Introduction 106
7.2 Beyond the walls of distrust 108
7.3 The diplomacy of reconciliation 109
7.4 A practice of global ethics of human rights and reconciliation 111
7.5 Hammarskjold’s retrospection of his destiny and meaning of life 114
8 From the unwritten manual: Dag Hammarskjold’s political wisdom 119
ROGER LIPSEY
8.1 Introduction 119
8.2 Begin in the private world 123
8.3 Every day counts, every action 129
9 Hammarskjold’s dynamic approach to the UN Charter and international law 142
OVE BRING
9.1 Introduction 142
9.2 Legal ‘roots’, intellectual background and personal philosophy 143
9.3 In the United Nations 146
9.4 The introduction of peacekeeping 148
9.5 Hammarskjöld on idealism and realism 149
9.6 The issue of UN humanitarian intervention in peace operations, a ‘responsibility to protect’ 152
9.7 Concluding remarks: leadership and legal development 154
10 Hammarskjöld, economic thinking and the United Nations 156
ANNE ORFORD
10.1 Introduction 156
10.2 Dag Hammarskjöld, economist 157
10.3 Liberal economics and the reconstruction of Europe 164
10.4 Decolonisation and the role of the state 175
10.5 Conclusion:‘economic thinking at its best’ 187
part III Hammarskjöld, the UN and the Congo 191
11 Dag Hammarskjöld and the Congo crisis, 1960-1961 193
MARIA STELLA ROGNONI
11.1 Introduction 193
11.2 The opening of the crisis and UN involvement 195
11.3 The Katanga issue and the confrontation with Lumumba 203
11.4 The ousting of Lumumba: new counterparts, old problems 209
11.5 Conclusion 215
12 Continuities of violence in the Congo: legacies of Hammarskjöld and Lumumba 216
HELEN M. HINTJENS AND SERENA CRUZ
12.1 Introduction 216
12.2 The legacy of violence and injustice 220
12.3 Continuity and change in the Congo 224
12.4 Congolese independence unravels: 1960-1961 226
12.5 The sequel: continuing violence in the DRC 231
12.6 A future for peace and justice in the DRC? 235
12.7 Conclusion 237
13 Lumumba vs. Hammarskjöld: a story of confrontation 240
JEAN OMASOMBO TSHONDA
13.1 Introduction 240
13.2 Lumumba: a prototype, and the itinerary of broken dreams 241
13.3 Hammarskjöld or Lumumba 246
13.4 Lumumba face to face with Hammarskjöld 249
13.5 Lumumba names Hammarskjöld as an enemy of the Congo 252
14 Dag Hammarskjöld and Africa’s decolonisation 255
HENNING MELBER
14.1 Introduction 255
14.2 Economic justice 256
14.3 Decolonisation 260
14.4 Intervention in the Congo 264
14.5 The murder of Lumumba 270
14.6 Operation Morthor and Hammarskjöld’s death 273
14.7 Hammarskjöld’s legacy 276
15 The Dag factor: how quiet diplomacy changed the role of the Secretariat during the Congo crisis, 1960-1961 280
ALANNA O’MALLEY
15.1 Introduction 280
15.2 Into the‘Heart of Darkness’ 282
15.3 Cold War, hot tempers 293
15.4 Conclusion: defeating the spectre 299
part IV The role of the UN Secretary-General 303
16 The ‘Suez story*: Dag Hammarskjöld, the United Nations and the creation of UN peacekeeping 305
MANUEL FRÖHLICH
16.1 Introduction 305
16.2 The diplomacy of almost thirteen days 307
16.3 The constitutional structure of UNEF 328
16.4 Conclusion 335
17 Breaking free: Dag Hammarskjöld, good offices and heads of international organisations 341
AOIFE O’DONOGHUE
17.1 Introduction 341
17.2 What are good offices? 343
17.3 UN good offices 346
17.4 Dag Hammarskjöld and good offices 351
17.5 After Dag Hammarskjöld 356
17.6 Conclusion 362
18 Dag Hanimarskjold’s diplomacy: lessons learned 364
PETER WALLENSTEEN
18.1 Hammarskjöld then, Annan later 364
18.2 Conflicts on the UN agenda 367
18.3 Lessons from UN conflict diplomacy 372
18.4 Success in UN crisis diplomacy 378
18.5 Features in Hammarskjold’s diplomacy 380
18.6 The primary lesson: the integrity of the office 385
19 Visions of international life: from Hammarskjöld to Annan and beyond 387
JAN ANNE VOS
19.1 Introduction 387
19.2 Framework 388
19.3 Living constitution 389
19.4 (M)ONU(S)C(O) 392
19.5 Tn Larger Freedom 394
19.6 Divergence and convergence 397
19.7 Conclusion 402
20 EU global peace diplomacy: institutional framework 404
STEVEN BLOCKMANS
20.1 Introduction 404
20.2 The EU as a ‘Chapter VII’ vector of peace 407
20.3 The High Representative: spider in the EU’s institutional web of diplomacy 410
20.4 The EU’s new diplomatic service and toolkit for peace mediation 415
20.5 EU facilitated dialogue between Serbia and Kosovo 426
20.6 Concluding remarks 434
part V Re-thinking internationalism: intervention, responsibility and the politics of R2P 437
21 From ‘conference machinery’ to ‘global administration’? International executive authority beyond Hammarskjöld 439
CARSTEN STAHN
21.1 Introduction 439
21.2 The status quo ante 443
21.3 Hammarskjöld’s conception of international executive authority 452
21.4 Hammarskjöld’s executive authority re-visited 457
21.5 Conclusion 475
22 Hammarskjöld and international executive rule: a third world perspective on international law 477
VIJAYASHRI SRIPATI
22.1 Introduction 477
22.2 International executive rule and shadows of the past 479
22.3 International executive rule and Congo’s constitutional past 484
22.4 UNCAinthepost-ColdWarera 489
22.5 UNCA revisited 496
22.6 Identifying the colonial continuities in UNCA 504
22.7 Conclusion 505 Annex 507
23 Who cares? Dag Hammarskjöld and the limits of responsibility in international law 508
J. CRAIG BARKER
23.1 Introduction 508
23.2 ‘Responsibility’ in international law 510
23.3 Emerging discourses of responsibility in international law 514
23.4 Re-imagining ‘responsibility’ in international law 521
23.5 Conclusion 535
24 Libya, intervention and responsibility: the dawn of a new era? 536
FRANCIS KOFI ABIEW AND NOEMI GAL-OR
24.1 Introduction 536
24.2 Libya and humanitarian intervention 538
24.3 Libya and R2P 544
24.4 Conclusion 556
25 The Arab Uprising and the rise and fall of international human rights 561
LOUISE ARBOUR
25.1 Introduction 561
25.2 Responsibility to protect and the requirement of proportionality 569
25.3 International criminal justice and the independence of the ICC 572
25.4 Conflict prevention as the overarching objective 574
25.5 Conclusion 575
part VI Hammarskjöld’s credo 577
Annex 1 The Secretary-General's Annual Report to the General Assembly of the United Nations, Introduction, 17 August 1961 579
Annex 2 Address given by the Secretary-General, Mr Dag Hammarskjöld, on the Occasion of Staff Day, General Assembly Hall, 8 September 1961 597
Index 601
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